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Infectious Disease: Gastroenteritis

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Acute diarrhea with blood: diagnosis and drug treatment †.
CONCLUSIONS: Acute diarrhea is an important cause of mortality in children under 5years and shigellosis is the leading cause of acute diarrhea with blood worldwide. The current concern is the increase in microbial resistance to the recommended antibiotics, which brings an additional difficulty to therapeutic management. Although no vaccine is yet available againstShigella, several candidates are undergoing clinical trials, and this may be the most cost-effective preventative measure in future. PMID: 31604059 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Jornal de Pediatria - October 7, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Authors: da Cruz Gouveia MA, Lins MTC, da Silva GAP Tags: J Pediatr (Rio J) Source Type: research

Urinary tract infection in pediatrics: an overview.
CONCLUSION: Many aspects regarding urinary tract infection in children are still matters of debate, especially imaging investigation and indication of antibiotic prophylaxis. Further longitudinal studies are needed to establish tailored approach of urinary tract infection in childhood. PMID: 31783012 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Jornal de Pediatria - November 25, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Silva ACSE, Oliveira EA, Mak RH Tags: J Pediatr (Rio J) Source Type: research

Atazanavir-induced unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia prevents vascular hyporeactivity during experimental human endotoxemia
CONCLUSIONS: Atazanavir-induced hyperbilirubinemia increases antioxidant capacity, attenuates interleukin-10 release, and prevents vascular hyporesponsiveness during human systemic inflammation elicited by experimental endotoxemia.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT00916448.PMID:37261364 | PMC:PMC10228648 | DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176775
Source: Atherosclerosis - June 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mirrin J Dorresteijn Douwe Dekker Jelle Zwaag Suzanne Heemskerk Hennie M J Roelofs Paul Smits Johannes G van der Hoeven Frank A D T G Wagener Peter Pickkers Source Type: research

Gene Ontology Analysis for Drug Targets of the Whole Genome Transcriptome of Human Vascular Endothelial Cells in Response to Proinflammatory IL-1
This study was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation No. 31-124861 to GS. Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Supplementary Material The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2019.00414/full#supplementary-material References Chava, K. R., Tauseef, M., Sharma, T., and Mehta, D. (2012). Cyclic AMP response element-binding protein prevents endothelial permeability...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Reshaping of the conformational search of a protein by the chaperone trigger factor
& Sander J. Tans Protein folding is often described as a search process, in which polypeptides explore different conformations to find their native structure. Molecular chaperones are known to improve folding yields by suppressing aggregation between polypeptides before this conformational search starts, as well as by rescuing misfolds after it ends. Although chaperones have long been speculated to also affect the conformational search itself—by reshaping the underlying folding landscape along the folding trajectory—direct experimental evidence has been scarce so far. In Escherichia coli, the general c...
Source: Nature - July 7, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Alireza MashaghiGünter KramerPhilipp BechtluftBeate Zachmann-BrandArnold J. M. DriessenBernd BukauSander J. Tans Tags: Letter Source Type: research

Effects of SPAK on vascular reactivity and nitric oxide production in endotoxemic mice.
Abstract Vasoplegia impedes therapeutic interventions to restore vascular tone, leading to severe hypotension, poor tissue perfusion, and multiple organ failure in septic shock. High levels of circulating nitric oxide (NO) play a crucial role in endotoxin-induced vascular hyporeactivity. Proinflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the induction of inducible NO synthase and overproduction of NO. Anti-inflammatory therapy can diminish NO formation and improve vascular hyporeactivity in septic shock. STE20/SPS1-realted proline/alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) has been reported to activate mitogen-activated protein ki...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - August 29, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shih CC, Hsu LP, Liao MH, Yang SS, Ho ST, Wu CC Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

The use of bedside echocardiography for measuring cardiac index and systemic vascular resistance in pediatric patients with septic shock
Conclusion: There was a persistently high systemic vascular resistance index in cold shock patients that influenced the stroke volume index, cardiac index, and velocity time integral. The use of echocardiograms for hemodynamic measurements is important in pediatric septic shock patients to adjust dilators, and vasopressor doses and achieve resuscitation targets in a timely manner.
Source: Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva - January 17, 2019 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research

Dynamics of chromosomal target search by a membrane-integrated one-component receptor
by Linda Martini, Sophie Brameyer, Elisabeth Hoyer, Kirsten Jung, Ulrich Gerland Membrane proteins account for about one third of the cellular proteome, but it is still unclear how dynamic they are and how they establish functional contacts with cytoplasmic interaction partners. Here, we consider a membrane-integrated one-component receptor that also acts as a transcriptional activator, and analyze how it kinetically locates its specific binding site on the genome. We focus on the case of CadC, the pH receptor of the acid stress response Cad system inE. coli. CadC is a prime example of a one-component signaling protein th...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - February 4, 2021 Category: Biology Authors: Linda Martini Source Type: research

Multicenter Retrospective Study of Vascular Infections and Endocarditis Caused by Campylobacter spp., France
Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Mar;29(3):484-492. doi: 10.3201/eid2903.221417.ABSTRACTThe incidence of campylobacteriosis has substantially increased over the past decade, notably in France. Secondary localizations complicating invasive infections are poorly described. We aimed to describe vascular infection or endocarditis caused by Campylobacter spp. We included 57 patients from a nationwide 5-year retrospective study on Campylobacter spp. bacteremia conducted in France; 44 patients had vascular infections, 12 had endocarditis, and 1 had both conditions. Campylobacter fetus was the most frequently involved species (83%). Antibio...
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - February 23, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Claire Tin évez Philippe Lehours Anne-Ga ëlle Ranc Yaniss Belaroussi Charles Cazanave Mathilde Puges Fanny Velardo Damien Dubois Catherine Neuwirth H élène Pailhoriès Marie Dorel Genevieve Hery-Arnaud Olivier Join-Lambert Emmanuelle Gras St éphane C Source Type: research

Reshaping of the conformational search of a protein by the chaperone trigger factor
Nature advance online publication 07 July 2013. doi:10.1038/nature12293 Authors: Alireza Mashaghi, Günter Kramer, Philipp Bechtluft, Beate Zachmann-Brand, Arnold J. M. Driessen, Bernd Bukau & Sander J. Tans Protein folding is often described as a search process, in which polypeptides explore different conformations to find their native structure. Molecular chaperones are known to improve folding yields by suppressing aggregation between polypeptides before this conformational search starts, as well as by rescuing misfolds after it ends. Although chaperones have long been speculated to also affect the conformation...
Source: Nature AOP - July 7, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Alireza MashaghiGünter KramerPhilipp BechtluftBeate Zachmann-BrandArnold J. M. DriessenBernd BukauSander J. Tans Tags: Letter Source Type: research

Scoping Review on Search Queries and Social Media for Disease Surveillance: A Chronology of Innovation
Conclusions: The use of search queries and social media for disease surveillance are relatively recent phenomena (first reported in 2006). Both the tools themselves and the methodologies for exploiting them are evolving over time. While their accuracy, speed, and cost compare favorably with existing surveillance systems, the primary challenge is to refine the data signal by reducing surrounding noise. Further developments in digital disease surveillance have the potential to improve sensitivity and specificity, passively through advances in machine learning and actively through engagement of users. Adoption, even as suppor...
Source: Journal of Medical Internet Research - July 18, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Theresa Marie BernardoAndrijana RajicIan YoungKatie RobiadekMai T PhamJulie A Funk Source Type: research

Large-Scale Recurrent Neural Network Based Modelling of Gene Regulatory Network Using Cuckoo Search-Flower Pollination Algorithm.
Authors: Mandal S, Khan A, Saha G, Pal RK Abstract The accurate prediction of genetic networks using computational tools is one of the greatest challenges in the postgenomic era. Recurrent Neural Network is one of the most popular but simple approaches to model the network dynamics from time-series microarray data. To date, it has been successfully applied to computationally derive small-scale artificial and real-world genetic networks with high accuracy. However, they underperformed for large-scale genetic networks. Here, a new methodology has been proposed where a hybrid Cuckoo Search-Flower Pollination Algorithm...
Source: Advances in Bioinformatics - March 20, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Tags: Adv Bioinformatics Source Type: research

Inflammation-induced caveolin-1 and BMPRII depletion promotes endothelial dysfunction and TGF β-driven pulmonary vascular remodeling.
Inflammation-induced caveolin-1 and BMPRII depletion promotes endothelial dysfunction and TGFβ-driven pulmonary vascular remodeling. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2017 Feb 10;:ajplung.00484.2016 Authors: Oliveira SD, Castellon M, Chen J, Bonini MG, Gu X, Elliott MH, Machado RF, Minshall RD Abstract Endothelial cell (EC) activation and vascular injury are hallmark features of Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ALI/ARDS). Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is highly expressed in pulmonary microvascular ECs and plays a key role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. The aim of this study was...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - February 9, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Oliveira SD, Castellon M, Chen J, Bonini MG, Gu X, Elliott MH, Machado RF, Minshall RD Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: research

Inflammation-induced caveolin-1 and BMPRII depletion promotes endothelial dysfunction and TGF-{beta}-driven pulmonary vascular remodeling
Endothelial cell (EC) activation and vascular injury are hallmark features of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is highly expressed in pulmonary microvascular ECs and plays a key role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. The aim of this study was to determine if the lung inflammatory response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) promotes priming of ECs via Cav-1 depletion and if this contributes to the onset of pulmonary vascular remodeling. To test the hypothesis that depletion of Cav-1 primes ECs to respond to profibrotic signals, C57BL6 wild-type (WT) mice...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - May 4, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Oliveira, S. D. S., Castellon, M., Chen, J., Bonini, M. G., Gu, X., Elliott, M. H., Machado, R. F., Minshall, R. D. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research